When we think about the effects of ageing, we often picture grey hair, wrinkles or maybe a few extra aches and pains. But did you know that your eyes are one of the first parts of your body to show signs of ageing? In fact, your eyes can start to show subtle signs of ageing as early as your 30s.
And while it may seem like your eyes age faster than the rest of your body once Father Time starts tick tocking the clock, it’s not that they age quicker—it’s that we notice the changes in our eyes more acutely because vision is such an important part of our daily lives.
We asked Katherine Whittaker, optometrist and National Professional Services Advisor at Optometry Australia, about what happens to your eyes as you age and what you can do to keep them in good shape.
Age-related vision changes
From around age 40, many people notice that their near vision isn’t as sharp as it used to be.
This common condition is known as presbyopia and it happens because the lens inside your eye becomes less flexible over time.
As a result, it becomes harder to focus on close objects—cue the reading glasses!
“If you’re starting to hold your phone or book at arm’s length, it’s a sign that it’s time for an eye exam. Presbyopia is a natural part of ageing, but your optometrist can help you find the right solution, such as reading glasses or multifocal contact lenses.”
Changes in the lens and the formation of cataracts
The lens of your eye is naturally clear but, as you age, it can become cloudy, leading to cataracts.
Cataracts are a normal part of ageing and affect more than half of Australians over the age of 60. They can cause blurred vision, increased sensitivity to glare, and changes in colour perception.
“Regular eye exams can help detect cataracts early. Fortunately, cataract surgery is one of the most common and successful procedures, with many people enjoying clearer vision post-surgery. Once you hit 65, we recommend paying your optometrist a visit at least one a year.”
Dry eyes and the ageing process
As we age, our tear production can decrease, leading to dry eye syndrome.
Hormonal changes, particularly in women, medication and prolonged screen time can also contribute to this issue.
“Dry eyes can feel gritty, itchy or even watery due to irritation. Staying hydrated, using lubricating eye drops and taking regular breaks from screens can help manage dry eye symptoms. Your optometrist can also suggest specific treatments if your dry eyes are persistent.”
Ageing of the retina
The retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of your eye, is crucial for sharp, detailed vision. As we age, the central part of the retina, called the macula, can deteriorate, leading to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This condition is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults.
“Early detection of AMD can make a big difference. Regular eye exams, a healthy diet rich in leafy greens and wearing sunglasses to protect against UV light can help reduce your risk.”
Your eyelids can show signs of ageing, too
It’s not just the inside of your eyes that age—your eyelids do too.
The skin around your eyes is thin and delicate, making it more prone to wrinkles, sagging and puffiness. In some cases, sagging eyelids (a condition known as ptosis) can even obstruct your vision.
“Gentle skincare, using sunscreen and wearing UV-protective sunglasses can help slow down the ageing process around your eyes. If drooping eyelids affect your vision, there are surgical options available.”
How to keep your eyes healthy and looking young
While you can’t stop the clock, there are many ways you can keep your eyes as healthy as possible as you age.
- Have regular eye exams
“Early detection is key for many age-related eye conditions. Even if you don’t notice any changes, see your optometrist for a comprehensive eye exam every two years from the age of 18 and then yearly once you hit 65, unless otherwise recommended by your optometrist.”
- Prioritise green time over screen time
“Exposure to natural light is essential for our eye health and helps reduce the risk of developing myopia (shortsightedness). Myopia isn't just a matter of blurry vision; it can also pose long-term risks to eye health if left unmanaged. It’s crucial to understand the consequences of progressive myopia.
High myopia not only diminishes quality of life by impacting daily activities and education, but also heightens the risk of serious eye conditions such as retinal detachment, glaucoma and cataracts.”
- Eat a healthy diet
“Foods rich in vitamins C and E, zinc and omega-3 fatty acids are great for eye health. Think leafy greens, carrots, nuts and fish.”
Protect your eyes from UV damage
“Wearing sunglasses that block 100% of UVA and UVB rays can help protect your eyes from sun damage, which contributes to cataracts and macular degeneration.”
- Kick the ciggies
“Smoking increases your risk of many eye diseases, including cataracts and AMD. If you smoke, quitting is one of the best things you can do for your overall health and your vision.
A final thought
Your eyes may be among the first parts of your body to show signs of ageing, but that doesn’t mean you can’t keep them in great shape. With regular eye exams and a few simple lifestyle choices, you can help protect your vision for years to come.
It is recommended that every Australian, from the time they start primary school, pay their optometrist a visit every year until age 18, then every two years as an adult, and then yearly again after turning 65, for a comprehensive eye examination.
To book an appointment with your local optometrist today, use our easy search tool here.
